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@#Ultrasound cycloplasty(UCP)procedure using high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)is a new non-invasive glaucoma treatment based on miniaturized transducers. In recent years, the safety and efficacy of UCP on various types of glaucoma have been well verified, and it has shown broad application prospects in the treatment of glaucoma. This article collects and reviews the relevant literature on glaucoma treatment by UCP, and summarizes the information on the development of equipment, composition and operation, treatment mechanisms, indications, efficacy and safety, with the purpose to provide relevant basis for clinical applications and future research.
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder including mainly ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). In China, IBD has become a common disease of the digestive system with an dramatic increase in incidence in recent years. The pathogenesis of IBD is not yet clear, and no drugs can completely cure IBD. Compared with monoclonal antibody drugs, small molecule drugs have the advantages of low cost, easy development as oral agents, and absence of immunogenicity. This review summarizes the recent research and development of small molecule immunosuppressants for IBD.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between chronic pharyngitis and lifestyle and obesity. Methods A total of 7 655 participants who underwent a health examination in the Navy General Hospital were recruited. These participants came from the same region and had similar occupations. Their lifestyle information data including smoking status, drinking status, and physical activity were collected. Differences of lifestyle and the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis were compared between men and women. Single-factor analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the relationship of chronic pharyngitis and lifestyle and obesity. Results The proportion of smoking and drinking, the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis, levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose were significantly higher, and the ratio of lack of exercise and normal body weight significantly decreased, in men than those in women (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in age and LDL-C between different gender groups. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis increased with the frequency of drinking and the increase of obesity in man and women. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis was not statistically significant in man with smoking than that in man without smoking. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis between females with or without smoking. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis decreased with the increase of physical activity in both men and women (P<0.01). Higher levels of systolic blood pressure and fasting blood pressure and regular physical activity were protective factors, and obesity was a harmful factor of chronic pharyngitis in men and women. Currently, smoking and regular drinking were harmful factors of chronic pharyngitis in men but not in women. Old age and occasional alcohol consumption were risk factors for women. Conclusion There is a significant value of strengthening physical activity and maintaining normal body weight in the prevention and treatment of chronic pharyngitis. It is also important for men to quit smoking and limit drinking in the prevention and treatment of chronic pharyngitis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic strategy of primary intraspinal melanocytoma.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The clinical data of primary intraspinal melanocytoma patients who underwent surgical operations from June 2011 to December 2014 in Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six cases of intraspinal melanocytoma, identified with pathology were collected, including 5 male and 1 female patients with the average age of 39.8 years (range 23-50 years). Limbs anesthesia and weakness were present in 2 cases. Neck and back pain were present in 4 cases. All patients performed MRI examination before operation, and only 1 case was diagnosed as primary melanocytoma, and the others were confirmed by postoperative pathology. All cases were confirmed by the pathological examination. Total resection was achieved in 2 cases, subtotal resection was achieved in 2 cases, 2 disseminated cases only achieved partial resection. The average period of postoperative follow-up process was 25.7 months(range 9-52 months). One case recurred in 9 months after surgery and died in 16 months, one case recurred in 1 year after surgery, and the other 4 cases had no recurrence. The recurrenced 2 patients had been not treated with radiotherapy, 2 patients of the 4 that not recurrenced had received radiotherapy. All patients didn't receive chemotherapy. The other patients were in good condition after surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The intraspinal primary melanocytoma is less likely to recurrence and metastasis if total resection is achieved. Diagnosis relies on pathology. Surgery is the first choice and early total resection is strongly recommend. Appropriate radiotherapy for partial resection cases can delay tumor recurrence.</p>
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Melanoma , Retrospective Studies , Spinal NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the biocompatibility and safety of nanoscale brain-targeting-carrier micelles [poly (ethylene)-b-poly (lactic acid)/OX26 conjugate micells (copolymer/OX26)],and to explore its possibility as brain-targeted-drug carrier for brain glioma.Methods The C6 glioma cells were cultured in vitro and divided into experimental groups with different concentrations (10, 20, 40, 80 mg · L-1 )of nano micelle, and the medium without micelle was used as control group.The inhibitory effect of nano-micelles on the rat brain glioma C6 cells was examined by Trypan blue cell counting assay.Flow cytometry (FCM)was used to detect the changes of apoptosis and cell cycle of C6 cells,and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM)was performed to analyze the distribution of copolymer/OX26 into C6 cells. Results The results of Trypan blue cell counting assay showed copolymer/OX26 didn’t affect the growth of C6 cells,and there were no significant differences in the number of C6 cells between control group and expreimental groups (P >0.05).The results of FCM showed that the cell cycle and and the apoptotic rates of C6 cells had no changes compared with control group (P > 0.05).The results of CLSM showed that the fluorescence intensities in experimental groups were higher than those in blank micelles group and blank control group (P < 0.05 ), and they were increased in dose- and time-dependent manner (P <0.05).Conclusion Copolymer/OX26 has no effect on the growth and apoptosis of glioma cells.By bonding OX26,copolymer/OX26 can significantly increase the intake of C6 cells on the nano micelles.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of Eucommia on hyperlipidemia and related indexes in rats, and provide animal data useful for the clinical experimental studies on hyperlipidemia.Methods Seventy-two healthy male SD rats were used in this study.One group of 12 rats fed with normal diet was chosen as normal control group, and other 60 rats were fed with high fat diet for two weeks to generate rat models of hyperlipidemia.48 of the hyperlipidemic model rats were taken and divided randomly into 4 groups, including model group, high dose Eucommia, moderate dose Eucommia, and low dose Eucommia groups.The last three groups were gavaged different dose of Eucommia, respectively.Druing this period, the other groups except the normal control group were fed with high fat diet continuously.The levels of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C of rats were measured on day 30 and 45.Results The serum levels of TC and LDL-C of the rats in the model group were obviously higher than those in the normal control group.The rat models of hyperlipidemia were established successfully.The three dose groups had a tendency of lowing blood lipid after 30 days.At 45 days, the levels of serum TC and LDL-C in the low and high dose groups were lower than those in the model group (P0.05, P>0.05, P>0.05).Conclusions Eucommia in a dose of 0.43 g/kg, 0.86 g/kg and 1.71 g/kg administered for 30 days have a tendency to reduce the level of serum TC, TG, and LDL-C.When Eucommia is administered in a dose of 0.43 g/kg, 1.71g/kg and 3.42 g/kg for 45 days, it shows an adjuvant hypolipidemic effect.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate effect of the treatments and prognostic factors of patients with pulmonary metastasis from colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 79 patients who suffered from lung metastatic diseases from colorectal cancer in 1990 - 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The number of patients who had received lung operation was 22, and non-operated group contained 57 patients. Compared the prognosis of operated group and non-operated group and analyzed the prognostic factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival time after the pulmonary resections was 34.5 months; the overall survival of 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 90.9%, 45.4% and 4.5%, and the overall of 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rate in non-operated group were 59.6%, 14.0% and 0. The surgery (RR = 4.805, 95% CI: 1.864 - 12.384, P = 0.001) and the number of metastasis (RR = 2.177, 95% CI: 1.431 - 3.314, P = 0.010) were the factors that could influence the patients prognosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The surgery for pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer is effective.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms , Pathology , Follow-Up Studies , Lung Neoplasms , Diagnosis , General Surgery , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>benzene; Air pollution; Risk assessment in the air of workshop and validate the methods.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expert-reference, BAYES statistics and expert-measurement were separately used to estimate benzene concentration in a slurry-applying workshop and modeling workshop of a rubber factory. The estimations were compared with current newly monitored data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The estimated averages of expert-reference, BAYES statistics and expert-measurement were 100.0, 16.9, 33.2 mg/m3 respectively for the slurry-applying workshop and 100, 156, 115 mg/m3 for the modeling workshop. No significant difference was observed between the estimations and validating sample except to that of the expert-reference for the former.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BAYES statistics and expert-measurement were precise and expert-reference was candidate if no measurements in spite of its subjectivity.</p>
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Air Pollution, Indoor , Benzene , Risk Assessment , WorkplaceABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between low benzene exposure doses with workers' peripheral blood parameters of different similar exposure groups (SEG).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The workers were from a shoe factory and divided into different SEG, according to the observation method and sampling method. Exposure levels, blood samples and job histories were collected. The relationship between benzene level and blood routine were analyzed using multiple regression method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five SEGs were defined. No significant differences were found among different SEG in length of service, smoking, drinking, blood routine and symptoms except for ages. Significant negative correlation (r = -0.36, P < 0.05) between benzene exposure levels and white blood cell counts were found by multiple regression analysis. Similar negative correlation was also found between length of benzene exposure and red blood cell counts (r = -0.29, P < 0.05). No significantly statistical relationships were found between benzene exposure and red blood cell counts or platelet count.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SEGs method is sensitive for determining the relationship between benzene exposure levels and white blood cell counts. Further study is needed by increasing the number of workers to study the relationship between low benzene exposure and peripheral blood parameters.</p>